微流控芯片液滴生成与检测技术研究进展

doi:10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.200253

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微流控芯片液滴技术是一种操控微小体积液体的新技术,既可实现高通量微观样本的生成及控制,也可进行独立液滴的操作。分散的微液滴单元可作为理想的微反应器,在生物医药中的药物筛选、材料筛选和高附加值微颗粒材料合成领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。液滴微流控芯片是利用流体剪切力的改变,使互不相溶的两相流体在其界面处生成稳定、有序的液滴,目前微液滴的生成方法主要有水动力法、气动法、光控法和电动法等。基于液滴的微流控系统越来越多地被应用于执行复杂的多重反应、测量和分析,可以进行超小体积和超高吞吐量的化学和生物实验。对液滴微流控系统而言,液滴的速度、大小和内容物含量会影响最终的检验结果,因此对液滴形成速率和液滴的内容物含量的实时检测至关重要,目前最常用的液滴检测方法有光学检测技术与电学传感检测技术。对两相流液滴生成机理以及现有液滴生成技术开展了讨论分析,同时对液滴检测技术进行了评述。

关键词: 微流控芯片, 液滴生成, 液滴检测

Abstract: The microfluidic chip droplet technology is a new technology for manipulating tiny volumes of liquids, which can realize the generation and control of high-throughput microscopic samples, as well as the operation of independent droplets. The dispersed micro-droplet unit can be used as an ideal micro-reactor, showing great application potential in the fields of drug screening, material screening and high value-added micro-particle material synthesis in biomedicine. The droplet microfluidic chip uses the change of the fluid shear force to make the immiscible two-phase fluid generate stable and ordered droplets at its interface. The current generation methods of microdroplets mainly include hydrodynamic methods, pneumatic method, light control method and electric method, etc. Droplet-based microfluidic systems are increasingly used to perform complex multiple reactions, measurements and analyses, and can perform ultra-small volume and ultra-high throughput chemical and biological experiments. For the droplet microfluidic system, the speed, size and content of the droplet will affect the final inspection result. Therefore, the real-time detection of the droplet formation rate and the content of the droplet is very important, and it is most commonly used at present. The droplet detection methods include optical detection technology and electrical sensing detection technology. The two-phase flow droplet generation mechanism and the existing droplet generation technology are discussed and analyzed, and the droplet detection technology is also reviewed.

Key words: Microfluidic chip, Droplet generation, Droplet detection

中图分类号:

O654

郑杰, 王洪, 闫延鹏, 崔建国. 微流控芯片液滴生成与检测技术研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2021, 38(1): 1-10.

ZHENG Jie, WANG Hong, YAN Yan-Peng, CUI Jian-Guo. Research Progress of Droplet Generation and Detection Technology of Microfluidic Chip[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2021, 38(1): 1-10.

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