基于一锅法的磺化聚砜质子交换膜的性能

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2020.06.190355

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以双酚A型聚砜(PSF)为基质材料,通过傅-克烷基化反应在PSF主链引入—NCO活性基团,制备乙基异氰酸化聚砜(PS-SA)。在制备PS-SA的基础上,采用两步一锅法,PS-SA与2-萘酚-6,8-二磺酸钾通过亲核取代反应,制备一种侧链含有萘环的萘磺酸型磺化聚砜PS-NS,充分表征聚合物的化学结构,以溶液浇注的方法制备质子交换膜,研究了温度对PS-NS膜的吸水率(WU,Water Uptaking)、吸水溶胀性(Swelling Ratio)、质子传导率(Proton Conductivity)等基本性能的影响。结果表明,PS-NS膜由于亲水基团距离较远,能够很容易形成相分离结构,所制备的质子交换膜高WU下尺寸稳定性仍然很高,其中PS-NS-4膜(磺酸基团键合量为1.42 mmol/g)在25和85 ℃的WU高达27.2%和40.3%,但是相应的吸水溶胀性仅为25.2%和57.2%,与相同条件下Nafion115膜的性能十分接近。

关键词: 聚砜, 异氰酸酯基团, 萘磺酸, 相分离, 尺寸稳定性

Abstract:

Ethyl isocyanate polysulfone (PS-SA) was prepared by introducing the —NCO active group onto the main chain of bisphenol A polysulfones matrix by the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. Naphthalene sulfonic acid modified polysulfone (PS-NS) was obtained by using 2-naphthol-6,8-disulfonic acid dipotassium as the nucleophilic reagent in one pot. The PS-NS proton exchange membranes(PEMs) were fabricated by solution casting. The relationship between temperature and the basic properties including water uptake, swelling ratio and proton conductivity were explored. PS-NS exhibits excellent dimensional stability at high water sorption because they can form phase separation structure by locating the hydrophilic group far away from the main chain of polysulfones. The water uptake of PS-NS-4 PEMs(the bonding amount of sulfonic groups is 1.42 mmol/g) is as high as 27.2% at 25 ℃ and 40.3% at 85 ℃, but the corresponding swelling ratio is only 25.2% and 57.2%. The properties are very close to that of Nafion115 membrane under the same condition.

Key words: polysulfone, ethyl isocyanate, naphthalene sulfonic acid type, micro-phase separation, dimensional stability

乔宗文, 赵本波. 基于一锅法的磺化聚砜质子交换膜的性能[J]. 应用化学, 2020, 37(6): 658-665.

QIAO Zongwen, ZHAO Benbo. Properties of Sulfonated Polysulfone Proton Exchange Membranes Based on One-Pot Method[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2020, 37(6): 658-665.

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