石墨烯膜在水处理中的应用

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2018.03.170413

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

节约用水和保护水资源,实现水资源的可持续利用,对人类和社会有着极其重要的意义。石墨烯以sp²杂化方式形成的单原子层二维晶体,具有独特的电学、机械、热学性质,同时还拥有大的比表面积以及低廉的制造成本,近年来引起了水处理领域研究者们的兴趣。本文概述了石墨烯膜应用于水处理方面的研究进展,同时对其在水处理应用方面还存在的问题及应用前景做了评论和展望。

关键词: 石墨烯膜, 水处理, 过滤, 电容去离子

Abstract:

Water saving and protection are very important for the sustainable use of water resources. Graphene, a two-dimensional monolayer sheet of sp²-bonded carbon atoms, has been widely used in water treatment in recent years due to its extraordinary electrical, mechanical, thermal properties, large specific surface area, and relatively low manufacturing cost. This paper summarized the recent advances in the synthesis and applications of graphene membrane in water treatment, and discussed the main problems and developmental trend.

Key words: graphene membrane, water treatment, filter, capacitive deionization

陈清,韩庆. 石墨烯膜在水处理中的应用[J]. 应用化学, 2018, 35(3): 299-306.

CHEN Qing,HAN Qing. Application of Graphene Membrane in Water Treatment[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2018, 35(3): 299-306.

参考文献

[1]	LUAN Yuanxin.Water Resources and Their Distribution in the World[J]. Water Res Hydropower Northeast China,1994,(10):22-24(in Chinese). 栾远新. 世界水资源及其分布[J]. 东北水利水电,1994,(10):22-24.
[2]	Arun S,Joseph G,Jacangelo. Emerging Desalination Technologies for Water Treatment:A Critical Review[J]. Water Res,2015,75:164-187.
[3]	Shannon M A,Bohn P W,Elimelech M.Science and Technology for Water Purification in the Coming Decades[J]. Nature,2008,452(7185):301-310.
[4]	Muniyappan R G,Subramanyan V,Atsushi S,et al.Graphene and Graphene-Based Composites:A Rising Starin Water Purification-A Comprehensive Overview[J]. Chem Select,2016,1:4358-4385.
[5]	Novoselov K S,GeimA K,Mozorov S V,et al. Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films[J]. Science,2004,306(5696):666-669.
[6]	Hummers Jr W S,Offeman R E. Preparation of Graphitic Oxide[J]. J Am Chem Soc,1958,80(6):1339-1339.
[7]	Si Y,Samulski E T.Synthesis of Water Soluble Graphene[J]. Nano Lett,2008,8(6):1679-1682.
[8]	Zhu Y,Stoller M D,Ruoff R S,et al. Exfoliation of Graphite Oxide in Propylene Carbonate and Thermal Reduction of the Resulting Graphene Oxide Platelets[J]. ACS Nano,2010,4(2):1227-1233.
[9]	Guo H,Wang X,Qian Q,et al. A Green Approach to the Synthesis of Graphene Nanosheets[J]. ACS Nano,2009,3(9):2653-2659.
[10]	Sheng K X,Xu Y X,Shi G Q,et al. High-Performance Self-assembled Graphene Hydrogels Prepared by Chemical Reduction of Graphene Oxide[J]. New Carbon Mater,2011,26(1):9-15.
[11]	Pei S,Zhao J,Du J,et al. Direct Reduction of Graphene Oxide Films into Highly Conductive and Flexible Graphene Films by Hydrohalic Acids[J]. Carbon,2010,48(15):4466-4474.
[12]	Badami D.V. Graphitization of α-Silicon Carbide[J]. Nature,1962,193:569-570.
[13]	Berger C,Song Z,Li X,et al. Electronic Confinement and Coherence in Patterned Epitaxial Graphene[J]. Science,2006,312:1191-1196.
[14]	Deng D H,Pan X L,Zhang H,et al. Freestanding Graphene by Thermal Splitting of Silion Carbide Granules[J]. Adv Mater,2010,22:2168-2171.
[15]	Li X S,Cai W W,Ruoff R S,et al. Large-Area Synthesis of High-Quality and Uniform Graphene Fims on Copper Foils[J]. Science,2009,324(5932):1312-1314.
[16]	Kim K S,Zhao Y,Jang H,et al. Large-Scale Pattern Growth of Graphene Films For Stretchable Transparent Electrodes[J]. Nature,2009,457:706-710.
[17]	Reina A,Jia X,Ho J,et al. Large Area, Few-Layer Graphene Films on Arbitrary Substrates by Chemical Vapor Deposition[J]. Nano Lett,2009,9:30-35.
[18]	Wu Y P,Chou H,Ji H X.Growth Mechanism and Controlled Synthesis of AB-Stacked Bilayer Graphene on Cu-Ni Alloy Foils[J]. ACS Nano,2012,6(9):7731-7738.
[19]	Sutter P W,Flege J,Sutter E A.Epitaxial Graphene on Ruthenium[J]. Nat Mater,2008,7(5):406-411.
[20]	Han S,Wu D,Li S,et al. Graphene:A Two-Dimensional Platform for Lithium Storage[J]. Small,2013,9(8):1173-1187
[21]	Liu G P,Jin W Q,Xu N P.Graphene-based Membranes[J]. Chem Soc Rev,2015,44(15):5016.
[22]	Robinson J T,Zalalutdinov M,Baldwin J W,et al. Wafer-scale Reduced Graphene Oxide Films for Nanomechanical Devices[J]. Nano Lett,2008,8(10):3441-3445.
[23]	Wang X,Linjie Zhi,Klaus Müllen.Transparent, Conductive Graphene Electrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar[J]. Nano Lett,2008,8(1):323.
[24]	HOU Zhaoxia,ZHOU Yin,LI Guangbin,et al. Preparation and Properties of Graphene Thin Films[J]. J Shenyang Univ(Nat Sci),2015,27(1):12-16(in Chinese). 侯朝霞,周银,李光彬,等. 石墨烯薄膜的制备及性能分析[J]. 沈阳大学学报(自然科学版),2015,27(1):12-16.
[25]	Gokieda,Giovanni F,Manish C. Large-area Ultrathin Films of Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Transparent and Flexible Electronic Material[J]. Nat Nanotechnol,2008,3(5):270-274.
[26]	Xu Y X,Bai H,Shi G Q,et al. Flexible Graphene Films via the Filtration of Water-Soluble Noncovalent Functionalized Graphene Sheets[J]. J Am Chem Soc,2008,130(18):5856-5857.
[27]	Li X S,Cai W W,An J,et al. Large-Area Synthesis of High-Quality and Uniform Graphene Films on Copper Foils[J]. Science,324(5932):1312-1314.
[28]	Lee H C,Jo S B,Cho K,et al. Facet-Mediated Growth of High-Quality Monolayer Graphene on Arbitrarily Rough Copper Surfaces[J]. Adv Mater,2016,28(10):2010-2017.
[29]	Viet H P,Tran V C,Seung H H,et al. Fast and Simple Fabrication of a Large Transparent Chemically-Converted Graphene Film by Spray-Coating[J]. Carbon,2010,48(7):1945-1951.
[30]	Zhu Y W,Cai W W,Piner R D,et al. Transparent Self-Assembled Films of Reduced Graphene Oxide Platelets[J]. Appl Phys Lett,2009,95(10):103104.
[31]	Biswas S,Drzal L T.A Novel Approach to Create a Highly Ordered Monolayer Film of Graphene Nanosheets Atthe Liquid-Liquid Interface[J]. Nano Lett,2009,9(1):167-172.
[32]	Chen J,Chi F Y,Shi G Q,et al. Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Sheets with Controlled Sizes from Sieved Graphite Flakes[J]. Carbon,2016,110:34-40.
[33]	Nair R R,Wu H A,Jayaram P N,et al. Unimpeded Permeation of Water Through Helium-Leak-Tight Graphene-based Membranes[J]. Science,2012,335(6067):442-444.
[34]	Cohen-Tanugi D,Grossman J C.Water Desalination Across Nanoporous Graphene[J]. Nano Lett,2012,12(7):3602-3608.
[35]	Sint K,Wang B,Kr l P. Selective Ion Passage Through Functionalized Graphene Nanopores[J]. J Am Chem Soc,2008,130(49):16448-16449.
[36]	Mi B.Graphene Oxide Membranes for Ionic and Molecular Sieving[J]. Science,2014,343(6172):740-742.
[37]	Sumedh P S,Sergei N S,Shannon M M,et al. Water Desalination Using Nanoporous Single-Layer Graphene[J]. Nat Nanotechnol,2015,10(5):459-464.
[38]	Liu H Y,Wang H T,Zhang X W.Facile Fabrication of Freestanding Ultrathin Reduced Graphene Oxide Membranes for Water Purifi Cation[J]. Adv Mater,2015,27(2):249-254.
[39]	Han Y,Jiang Y,Gao C.High-fluxgraphene Oxide Nanofiltration Membrane Intercalated by Carbon Nanotubes[J]. ACS Appl MaterInterfaces,2015,7(15):8147-8155.
[40]	Zheng S X,Mi B X.Emerging Investigators Series:Silica-crosslinked Graphene Oxide Membrane and Its Unique Capability in Removing Neutral Organic Molecules from Water[J]. Environ Sci:Water Res Technol,2016,2:717-718.
[41]	David C T,Li C L,Jeffrey C G.Multilayer Nanoporous Graphene Membranes for Water Desalination[J]. Nano Lett,2016,16(2):1027-1033.
[42]	Piran R K,Doojoon J,JuanC I,et al. Nanoporous Atomically Thin Graphene Membranes for Desalting and Dialysis Applications[J]. Adv Mater,2017,29(33):1700277.
[43]	Zhao G X,Li J X,Wang X K,et al. Few-Layered Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as Superior Sorbentsfor Heavy Metal Ion Pollution Management[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2011,45(24):10454-10462.
[44]	Li Z J,Chen F,Yuan L Y,et al. Uranium(Ⅵ) Adsorption on Graphene Oxide Nanosheets from Aqueous Solutions[J]. Chem Eng J,2012,210(6):539-546.
[45]	Zhao G X,Lang J,Hu W P,et al. Sulfonated Graphene for Persistent Aromatic Pollutant Management[J]. Adv Mater,2011,23(34):3959-3963.
[46]	Wang J,Chen Z M,Chen B L.Adsorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Graphene and Graphene Oxide Nanosheets[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2014,48(9):4817-4825.
[47]	Li J,Li J X,Wang X K,et al. Removal of Cu(II) and Fulvic Acid by Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Decorated with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles[J]. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2012,4(9):4991-5000.
[48]	François P,Andreia de F A. Elimelech M. Environmental Applications of Graphene-based Nanomaterials[J]. Chem Soc Rev,2015,44(16):5861-5896.
[49]	Zhang K,Kemp K C,Chandra V.Homogeneous Anchoring of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Graphene Sheets for Waste Water Treatment[J]. Mater Lett,2012,81(3):127-130.
[50]	Liang Y Y,Wang H L,Dai H J,et al. TiO2 Nanocrystals Grown on Graphene as Advanced Photocatalytic Hybrid Materials[J]. Nano Res,2010,3(10):701-705.
[51]	Liu X J,PanL K,SunC Q,et al. Microwave-assisted Synthesis of ZnO-Graphene Composite for Photocatalytic Reduction of Cr(Ⅵ)[J]. Catal Sci Technol,2011,1(7):1189-1193.
[52]	Porada S,Zhao R,van der Wal A,et al. Review on the Science and Technology of Water Desalination by Capacitive Deionization[J]. Prog Mater Sci,2013,58(8):1388-1442.
[53]	Li H B,Lu T,Sun Z,et al. Electrosorption Behavior of Graphene in NaCl Solutions[J]. J Mater Chem,2009,19(37):6773-6779.
[54]	Yan C J,Yasodinee W K,Zou L D.Graphene/Polyaniline Nanocomposite as Electrode Material for Membrane Capacitive Deionization[J]. Desalination,2014,344(344):274-279.
[55]	Zhang D S,Wen X R,Shi L Y.Enhanced Capacitive Deionizationof Graphene/Mesoporous Carbon Composites[J]. Nanoscale,2012,4(17):5440-5446.