辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚反相微乳体系的相行为及纳米复合碳酸盐的制备

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.05.140308

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绘制了一系列辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)+正辛醇+环己烷+水(或CaCl₂水溶液)拟三元体系相图,分别研究了助表面活性剂正辛醇的添加比例和CaCl₂水溶液的浓度对微乳区域的影响,发现在OP-10+正辛醇+环己烷+水拟三元体系相图中,随着正辛醇/OP-10的质量比逐渐增大,微乳区的面积逐渐增大,当正辛醇/OP-10质量比为1:2.5时微乳区的面积最大,之后微乳区面积随着其质量比的增大而减小,表明适量地加入助表面活性剂正辛醇有利于微乳区的形成;但过多地增加正辛醇的量反而不利于微乳相的形成。确定正辛醇/OP-10的质量比为1:2.5,改变CaCl₂的浓度,发现OP-10+正辛醇+环己烷+CaCl₂水溶液拟三元体系相图中,CaCl₂浓度为0.1 mol/L时微乳区面积最大。分别配制总浓度为0.1 mol/L的5种不同摩尔比的Ca²⁺/Ba²⁺微乳液,并与等摩尔的碳酸钠水溶液反应制备共沉淀碳酸盐,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所制备样品进行表征分析,发现当微乳液为钙离子盐时,主要形成大的立方形颗粒;掺入钡离子,Ca²⁺和Ba²⁺摩尔比为3:1、1:1和1:3时,形成的沉淀分别为四棱锥形、球形和玉米棒形;当微乳液为钡离子盐时,沉淀主要为不规则多面体。

关键词: 微乳液, 辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚, 拟三元体系相图, 纳米复合碳酸盐

Abstract:

A series of quasi ternary phase diagrams of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether(OP-10)+n-octanol+n-hexane+water(brine) system has been drawn based on experiments. We investigated the influence of cosurfactant n-octanol and CaCl₂ solution on the microemulsion region respectively. The results show that the relative area of microemulsion region in the ternary system gradually increases with the mass ratio of n-octanol to OP-10 increasing. When the mass ratio of n-octanol to OP-10 is 1:2.5, the microemulsion region has the largest relative area, and then the relative area of microemulsion region decreases as the proportion of n-octanol is increased. An appropriate amount of cosurfactant n-octanol promotes the formation of microemulsion phase, whereas excessive n-octanol is unfavorable to the formation of microemulsion phase. By fixing the mass ratio of n-octanol to OP-10 at 1:2.5 and changing the molar concentration of CaCl₂, the microemulsion region exhibits the largest relative area in quasi ternary phase diagram of OP-10+octanol+cyclohexane+CaCl₂ aqueous solution system when CaCl₂ concentration is 0.1 mol/L. Therefore, microemulsions have been prepared with five different molar ratios of barium ions to calcium ions, and a calcium carbonate and barium carbonate coprecipitation product are obtained by the reaction with an equimolar amount of sodium carbonate. The coprecipitation product were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The precipitation mainly tends to form large cubic structure when the composition of microemulsion is calcium salt. However, when the molar ratios of Ca²⁺ and Ba²⁺ are 3:1, 1:1, or 1:3, mainly rectangular pyramid, spherical, and corn cob shape precipitation particles are formed, respectively, and the barium salt fully converts into irregular polyhedron shape as well.

Key words: microemulsion, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, quasi ternary phase diagram, nano composite carbonates

中图分类号:

王农, 孟庆络. 辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚反相微乳体系的相行为及纳米复合碳酸盐的制备[J]. 应用化学, 2015, 32(5): 597-603.

WANG Nong, MENG Qingluo. Phase Behavior of Alkyl Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether Reverse Microemulsion System and Preparation of Nano-Composite Carbonates[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2015, 32(5): 597-603.

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