应用化学 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 275-285.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240327

• 化学教学与实验创新 • 上一篇    

纳米复合材料科研训练:硫化镍铜/聚苯胺复合电极的制备与性能

张萌1, 王浩伦1,2, 权波1, 郑兴1, 朴英俊1, 安承巾1()   

  1. 1.延边大学理学院,延边 133002
    2.延边大学长白山天然药物研究教育部重点实验室,延边 133002
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-19 接受日期:2025-11-22 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 安承巾
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省高教所教研项目(JGJX2023D89)

Teaching of Nanocomposite Materials: Preparation and Performance Study of Ni-Cu Sulfide/Polyaniline Composite Electrodes

Meng ZHANG1, Hao-Lun WANG1,2, Bo QUAN1, Xing ZHENG1, Ying-Jun PIAO1, Cheng-Jin AN1()   

  1. 1.College of science,Yanbian University,Yanbian 133002,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain,Ministry of Education,Yanbian University,Yanbian 133002,China
  • Received:2024-10-19 Accepted:2025-11-22 Published:2026-02-01 Online:2026-03-06
  • Contact: Cheng-Jin AN
  • About author:chengjin@ybu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the Teaching and Research Project of the Higher Education Institute of Jilin Province(JGJX2023D89)

摘要:

以超级电容器电极材料教学为切入点,针对传统过渡金属硫化物在高电流密度下电化学性能受限的问题,将水热合成与电化学沉积相结合的前沿技术融入教学实践,设计了硫化镍铜/聚苯胺(Ni17CuS20/PANI)纳米复合电极的制备实验,该实验与基础实验教学内容相比属于高阶性的科研训练内容。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、恒电流充放电测试(GCD)、循环伏安测试(CV)和交流阻抗测试(EIS)等手段,引导学生分析材料的形貌、元素组成及电化学性能,深入理解材料的结构-性能关系。 实验结果表明,Ni17CuS20/PANI的三维交联结构与PANI的协同作用显著提升了电荷传输效率和电解液的可及性,从而改善了材料的循环稳定性和比容量。 基于该复合材料构建的柔性不对称超级电容器展现了在311.54 W/kg功率密度下实现23.78 Wh/kg的高能量密度,验证了其在实际应用中的潜力。 该科研训练实验不仅突出材料科学的前沿性,强调实验教学的多学科交叉性,还构建了“理论-制备-表征-应用”的完整教学体系。 通过此类高阶性的科研训练,学生能够全面掌握材料合成、性能测试、数据分析与创新设计等技能,培养科研思维与工程实践能力,为新能源器件课程的实验教学改革提供了新的思路与方法。

关键词: 硫化镍铜, 聚苯胺, 纳米复合材料, 超级电容器, 实验教学改革

Abstract:

Taking supercapacitor electrode materials as the teaching entry point, this approach addresses the limitations of traditional transition metal sulfides in high-current-density electrochemical performance. By integrating cutting-edge techniques, combining hydrothermal synthesis with electrochemical deposition into teaching practice, an experimental design for preparing nickel-copper sulfide/polyaniline (Ni17CuS20/PANI) nanocomposite electrodes was developed. Compared to foundational experimental teaching content, this experiment represents advanced research training. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and techniques such as constant current charge-discharge testing (GCD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), students are guided to analyze the material’s morphology, elemental composition, and electrochemical performance, gaining a deeper understanding of the structure-property relationship. Experimental results demonstrate that the synergistic interaction between the three-dimensional crosslinked structure of Ni17CuS20/PANI and PANI significantly enhances charge transport efficiency and electrolyte accessibility, thereby improving the material’s cycling stability and specific capacity. The flexible asymmetric supercapacitor constructed from this composite material exhibits a high energy density of 23.78 Wh/kg at a power density of 311.54 W/kg, validating its potential for practical applications. This research training experiment not only highlights the cutting-edge nature of materials science but also emphasizes the multidisciplinary nature of experimental teaching. Furthermore, it establishes a comprehensive teaching system encompassing “theory-preparation-characterization-application.” Through such advanced research training, students can comprehensively master skills in material synthesis, performance testing, data analysis, and innovative design, cultivating scientific thinking and engineering practice capabilities. This provides new insights and methodologies for experimental teaching reform in new energy device courses.

Key words: Nickel copper sulfide, Polyaniline, Nanocomposite, Supercapacitor, Experimental teaching reform

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