应用化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 533-541.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.240354

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

酸性低共熔溶剂中Biginelli反应的克级合成

王丹, 王亮()   

  1. 常州工程职业技术学院化工与制药工程学院,常州 213164
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-04 接受日期:2025-02-26 出版日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-05-14
  • 通讯作者: 王亮
  • 作者简介:lwcczu@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省第六期“333”高层次人才培养工程和常州工程职业技术学院校科研基金(11130300123003)

Gram-Scale Biginelli Reaction in Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvent

Dan WANG, Liang WANG()   

  1. School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Changzhou Vocational Institute of Engineering,Changzhou 213164,China
  • Received:2024-11-04 Accepted:2025-02-26 Published:2025-04-01 Online:2025-05-14
  • Contact: Liang WANG
  • Supported by:
    the “333” High-level Talent Project of Jiangsu Province and Research Fund of Changzhou Vocational Institute of Engineering(11130300123003)

摘要:

以氯化胆碱/三氟甲烷磺酸低共熔溶剂(ChCl/TfOH)为促进剂,无溶剂条件下快速、高效地实现了3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮/硫酮类化合物的克级合成。 以苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯和尿素的缩合反应为模板反应,考察了低共熔溶剂种类及摩尔用量、温度和物料比等对反应的影响。 结果表明,最佳合成条件为: 苯甲醛(5 mmol),乙酰乙酸乙酯(5 mmol),尿素(7.5 mmol),ChCl/TfOH(2.5 mmol),80 ℃,反应5 min,目标产物收率高达95%。 该反应体系对不同的底物均表现出了良好的兼容性,产物收率在82%~95%之间。 另外,该体系可放大至克级规模,反应15 min,产率高达87%。 该体系的优势在于反应快、收率高和产物无需进一步纯化,且低共熔溶剂经过萃取即可实现回收。

关键词: Biginelli反应, 二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮/硫酮, 低共熔溶剂, 绿色合成, 克级合成

Abstract:

A rapid and efficient synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-(thio)ones was achieved under solvent-free conditions using choline chloride/trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (ChCl/TfOH) deep eutectic solvent as a catalyst. The condensation reaction of benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea was used as a template reaction to investigate the effects of the type and amount of deep eutectic solvent, temperature, and starting material ratio on the reaction. Results showed that the optimized conditions were as follows: benzaldehyde (5 mmol), ethyl acetoacetate (5 mmol), urea (7.5 mmol), ChCl/TfOH (2.5 mmol), 80 ℃ and 5 min. The yield of the target product was as high as 95% under the optimized conditions. The reaction system also showed good compatibility with different substrates, with product yields ranging from 82% to 95%. In addition, gram-scale synthesis could be realized for this reaction, and the yield was up to 87% after 15 min. The advantages of this system are fast reaction speed, high yields, and no need for further purification of the products. Moreover, the recovery of deep eutectic solvent could be achieved through simple extraction.

Key words: Biginelli reaction, Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-(thio)one, Deep eutectic solvent, Green synthesis, Gram-scale synthesis

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