模板法制备La2O3/ZrO2复合氧化物及其催化小桐子油合成生物柴油

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.40030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以桦木为模板制备了一系列La2O3/ZrO2固体碱催化剂。采用BET、XRD、XPS和SEM等技术手段对其进行了表征。结果表明，与浸渍法和共沉淀法制备的样品相比，所制得的复合氧化物具备桦木的生物形态，具有更高的比表面积、更小的晶粒尺寸、更大的孔径和孔容等特点。当La/Zr质量比为10%时，样品的碱性最高，催化性能最好。以所制复合氧化物为催化剂，考察小桐子油和甲醇的催化酯交换反应。结果表明，在醇油摩尔比72∶1，固体碱催化剂质量分数8%，反应温度200 ℃，反应时间6 h的条件下，酯交换反应的甲酯转化率达93.6%。该样品具有一定的抗酸和抗水性。相同反应条件下，样品循环使用3次生物柴油收率仍为83%左右。

关键词: 生物模板, La2O3/ZrO2, 复合氧化物, 生物柴油, 酯交换反应

Abstract: A series of La2O3/ZrO2 solid base catalysts has been prepared via templated pathway. The solid base catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, XPS, and SEM. Compared with samples prepared by impregnation and co-precipitation method, the as-prepared mixed oxides catalysts replicated the biomorphic of birch and possessed high specific surface area, low grain size and high pore volume. The transesterification of jatropha oil with methanol was studied by using these mixed oxides catalysts. Alkaline and catalytic performance are optimal when the mass ratio of La2O3 is 10%. Under the condition of alcohol/oil molar ratio 72∶1, catalyst/oil mass ratio 8%, reaction temperature 373 K and reaction time 6 h, jatropha oil conversion reaches 93.6%. This optimal catalyst exhibits significant degree of acid and water resistance. At the same reaction conditions, biodiesel production can still remain about 83% after three times recycle of the catalysis.

Key words: biological template, La2O3/ZrO2, mixed oxides, biodiesel, transesterification

中图分类号:

O643.3

孙驰贺, 刘柳辰, 文振中, 崔国民. 模板法制备La₂O₃/ZrO₂复合氧化物及其催化小桐子油合成生物柴油[J]. 应用化学, DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.40030.

SUN Chihe, LIU Liuchen, WEN Zhenzhong*, CUI Guomin. Preparation of La₂O₃/ZrO₂ Complex Oxides by a Templating Route for Synthesis of Biodiesel from Jatropha Oil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1095.2014.40030.

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模板法制备La₂O₃/ZrO₂复合氧化物及其催化小桐子油合成生物柴油

Preparation of La₂O₃/ZrO₂ Complex Oxides by a Templating Route for Synthesis of Biodiesel from Jatropha Oil

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