Abstract:

Under the action of catalyst, the nonylphenol betaine amphoteric surfactant(NSZ) was synthesized from nonylphenol, epichlorohydrin, dimethylamine and 3-chloro-2-hydroxy propyl sulfonic acid sodium by etherification, amination, and quaternization, and the optimum reaction conditions were determined. The optimum synthesis conditions of nonylphenol chlorohydrin ether are:the material ratio n(nonylphenol):n(epichlorohydrin) was 1:4, the total amount of the catalyst tetrabutyl ammonium bromide was 4%(molar fraction) relative to nonylphenol, the reaction time was 4 h and the reaction temperature was 95 ℃. The optimum synthesis conditions of nonylphenol tertiary amine are:the material ratio n(nonylphenol chloro ether):n(dimethylamine):n(NaOH) was 1:2.5:1.1, the reaction time was 4 h and the reaction temperature was 60 ℃. The optimum synthesis conditions of NSZ are:the volume ratio of isopropanol to water was 2:1, the reaction temperature was 85 ℃, the reaction time was 24 h, the material ratio n(3- chloro-2-hydroxy-propanesulfonate):n(nonylphenol tertiary) was 1.2:1, the pH of the reaction system was 8~9. The interface properties, emulsifying properties and thermal stability of NSZ were measured under the condition of high temperature and high salinity, the results showed that NSZ had a good tolerance to temperature and salt.

Key words: nonylphenol, amphoteric surfactant, interfacial tension, emulsification, thermal stability