应用化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1842-1853.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.220078

• 弹性体材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

炭黑在异戊橡胶中的分散及其对动静态性能的影响

吕永鹏1,2, 王玉阁1,2, 谷倩倩1,2, 张之材1,2, 肖建数1,2, 尹园1, 孙洪国1, 郑雅芳1, 孙昭艳1,2()   

  1. 1.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室,长春 130022
    2.中国科学技术大学应用化学与工程学院,合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-17 接受日期:2022-08-03 出版日期:2022-12-01 发布日期:2022-12-13
  • 通讯作者: 孙昭艳
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大项目(21790344)

Dispersion of Carbon Black in Isoprene Rubber and Its Static and Dynamic Properties

Yong-Peng LYU1,2, Yu-Ge WANG1,2, Qian-Qian GU1,2, Zhi-Cai ZHANG1,2, Jian-Shu XIAO1,2, Yuan YIN1, Hong-Guo SUN1, Ya-Fang ZHENG1, Zhao-Yan SUN1,2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
    2.School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
  • Received:2022-03-17 Accepted:2022-08-03 Published:2022-12-01 Online:2022-12-13
  • Contact: Zhao-Yan SUN
  • About author:zysun@ciac.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21790344)

摘要:

橡胶在使用时往往需要在生胶中加入填料颗粒以提高其力学强度,填料在橡胶中的分散状态对其使用性能有显著影响。为了明晰填料分散状态对橡胶动静态性能的影响规律,设计了不同的胶料混炼工艺,进而获得具有不同分散程度的橡胶材料,并对其分散等级、颗粒聚集体尺寸分布、胶料硫化性质、橡胶拉伸以及疲劳等性质进行了系统研究。结果表明,在所研究的密炼时间4~16 min范围内,随着密炼时间的延长,填料在基体中的分散度等级有较大程度的提高,密炼时间为16 min时填料分散等级达到了8.1级,胶料的门尼粘度下降显著,但胶料的拉伸性能变化不明显,而动态疲劳性能得以显著改善。随着开炼包辊时间的延长,填料在基体中的分散度等级呈先升高后降低的趋势,橡胶的动态疲劳性能也先升高后降低,当开炼包辊时间为20 min时,硫化胶的伸张疲劳寿命达到4×104次,继续延长包辊时间硫化胶的伸张疲劳寿命下降至2.3×104次;但是胶料整体的拉伸性能变化不明显。由此可见,通过调整混炼工艺可以改善填料在橡胶基体中的分散状态,进而提高胶料的疲劳性能。

关键词: 异戊橡胶, 炭黑分散, 疲劳性能, 混炼工艺

Abstract:

It is necessary to add some fillers into raw rubber to enhance the performance of rubber materials. It is well known that the distribution and dispersion of fillers have a great effect on the mechanical properties of rubber. To understand the relationship between dispersion of fillers and the mechanical properties of rubber, different mixing processes are performed, and then the rubber materials with different dispersion states of fillers are obtained. Moreover, the dispersion grade of fillers, the agglomerate size distribution, the vulcanization property, the tension and fatigue properties of different rubbers are investigated. It is seen that the dispersion grade increases and the Mooney viscosity decreases with increasing internal mixing time from 4 to 16 min. When the internal mixing time is 16 min, the dispersion grade reaches 8.1. However, the tension property of different rubbers only shows little difference. Astonishingly, the fatigue life is greatly enhanced with increasing internal mixing time. Similar results are found when changing the roll banding time of rubber. It is seen that, with increasing roll banding time, the dispersion of fillers increases first and then decreases, and then the fatigue life greatly increases first and then falls down although the tension property only shows little difference. When the roll banding time is 20 min, the fatigue life reaches 4×104 times, and the fatigue life decreases to 2.3×104 times when further increasing the roll banding time. This implies that the mixing process can be used to modulate the dispersion state of fillers in rubber, and then changes the fatigue property of rubber.

Key words: Isoprene rubber, Dispersion of carbon black, Fatigue property, Mixing process

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