柠檬酸钠与碳酸钙晶型和形貌的控制

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.07.140413

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

晶体的晶型和形貌是碳酸钙制备中的关键问题之一。采用尿素水解均匀沉淀法来控制碳酸钙的晶型和形貌。利用XRD和SEM等技术手段对CaCO₃晶体的结构和形貌进行了表征。结果表明,高温条件下(90 ℃)水溶液中得到均匀的针状结构的文石晶体。添加适量柠檬酸钠后,则得到的是特殊形貌的方解石晶体。在乙醇/水混合溶剂中,柠檬酸钠对CaCO₃晶体的形貌也有重要影响,通过改变乙醇体积分数,得到了中空绒毛球状的球霰石。

关键词: 碳酸钙, 晶型, 柠檬酸钠, 乙醇/水混合溶剂, 尿素

Abstract:

Calcium carbonate with various polymorphs and morphologies was prepared by urea hydrolytic method in this study. The crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Uniform needle-like aragonite crystals are obtained in aqueous solution at 90 ℃. In contrast, the addition of sodium citrate results in the formation of novel morphologies of calcite crystals. We also studied the growth of calcium carbonate in the mixed solvent of ethanol/water with sodium citrate as control agent. The results show that sodium citrate also has significant influence on polymorphs and morphologies of calcium carbonate in the ethanol/water mixed solution. Hollow spherical vaterite crystals are obtained in the presence of sodium citrate by changing the volume fraction of ethanol.

Key words: calcium carbonate, polymorphs, sodium citrate, ethanol/water mixed solutions, urea

中图分类号:

高艳芳, 王海水. 柠檬酸钠与碳酸钙晶型和形貌的控制[J]. 应用化学, 2015, 32(7): 831-836.

GAO Yanfang, WANG Haishui. Control of Crystalline Polymorphs and Morphologies for Calcium Carbonate with Sodium Citrate[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2015, 32(7): 831-836.

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