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Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry
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Fig.1
Schematic representation of the microstructures for different types of liquid crystal/polymer composites: (a) polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, (b) polymer-stabilized liquid crystals, (c) polymer-wall-stabilized liquid crystals, (d) polymer-dispersed & -stabilized liquid crystals
Fig.2
Typical scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of PDLC
[
23
]
: A1—A4 were samples with different proportions of difunctional and trifunctional epoxy monomers
Fig. 3
Typical SEM images of PSLC
[
25
]
: (a)—(d) were samples with different chiral dopants in the same pitch
Fig. 4
Typical (a) laser scanning confocal microscope image and (b) SEM image of PWSLC
[
31
]
Fig.5
Typical SEM images of PD&SLC
[
32
]
: (a) schematic representation of the microstructure, (b) top-view SEM image of the film, (c) side-view SEM image of the polymer microstructure, (d) side-view SEM image of the film
Fig. 6
Typical side-view SEM images of liquid crystal/polymer composites
[
19
]
(a) PDLC; (b) PSLC; (c) PD&SLC
Fig.7
(a) Schematic diagram and (b) photographs of the normal-mode electrically switchable light-transmittance controllable film
[
40
]
Fig.8
(a) Schematic diagram and (b) photographs of the reverse-mode electrically switchable light-transmittance controllable film
[
36
]
Fig.9
(a) Schematic diagram, (b) photographs, (c) transmittance and haze dependence on electric-field intensity and (d) polarized optical microscope images of the reverse-mode film based on nematic liquid crystals with negative dielectric anisotropy
[
36
]
Fig.10
Schematic diagram of the reverse-mode film based on polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals
[
37
]
Fig.11
Schematic diagram of the reverse-mode film based on polymer stabilized dual-frenquency liquid crystals
[
48
]
Fig.12
Schematic diagram of the charge distribution in the reverse-mode PDLC based on built-in electric fields
[
50
]
: built-in DC electric field (
E
dc
) across the film with (a) a highly conductive liquid crystal, (b) a highly conductive polymer matrix, (c) ions frozen in the liquid crystal/polymer interface
Fig.13
Schematic diagram of the reverse-mode PDLC prepared by a thermal induced and UV polymerization induced two-step phase separation method
[
51
]
Fig.14
Schematic diagram of the reverse-mode film based on PWSLC
[
53
]
Fig.15
(a)—(d) Schematic diagram of a two-step UV polymerization route for making the PD&PSLC film and (e) some of the chemical structures and physical properties of the reagents used in the study
[
55
]
Fig.16
(a) Shearing force-displacement curves of the commercial PDLCs and the as-made LCs/PCs containing 0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 % and 2.0 % (mass percent)LCPMs, respectively. (b) Digital photographs demonstrating the flexibility and robustness of the as-made LCs/PC:in the diagram E is short for electric field, LE is short for low-frequency electric field, HE is short for high-frequency electric field
[
55
]
Fig.1
(A) The change induced by the decreased order parameter; (B) Photo-isomerization of azobenzene; (C) The formation process of surface relief gratings; (D) Two instability modes of bilayer membrane
Fig.2
(A) LCN containing chiral nematic and homeotropic orientation. After ultraviolet (UV) illumination, the chiral nematic areas expand perpendicular to the plane of the film while the homeotropic areas contract in the perpendicular direction; (B) LCN including fingerprint patterns. Images from interferometer measurements showing the surface topography before and during UV irradiation
[
40
]
; Topographical deformation of LCN coatings with (C) rigid glass and (D) a compliant polymer layer as the substrate
[
41
]
Fig.3
(A) Illustration of the reduced LCN density after UV illumination with photomasks due to the generation of free volume; (B) Under the illumination of 365 and 455 nm light, surface topographical deformation is increased
[
21
]
; (C) Design box for maximizing the optomechanical response under two-light illumination with arbitrary wavelengths
[
45
]
Fig.4
(A,B) Surface reliefs resulting from linearly (A) and circularly (B) polarized beams
[
49
]
; (C) Scheme of the influence of
q
value on spiral pattern; (D,E) Optical micrograph and AFM image of the pattern of
q
=10 (D) and
q
= -10 (E) L-G beam. All the scale bars are 1 μm
[
51
]
; (F,G) Manipulation of surface topography using dichroic dye (F) and dichroic initiator (G) during polymerization
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