应用化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 540-558.DOI: 10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.210461

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

甲烷直接催化氧化制备甲醇近期研究进展

王克, 汪啸(), 宋术岩   

  1. 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,稀土资源利用国家重点实验室,长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-10 接受日期:2021-12-10 出版日期:2022-04-01 发布日期:2022-04-19
  • 通讯作者: 汪啸
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21771173);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0203200)

Recent Advances in Direct Oxidation of Methane to Methanol

Ke WANG, Xiao WANG(), Shu-Yan SONG   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
  • Received:2021-09-10 Accepted:2021-12-10 Published:2022-04-01 Online:2022-04-19
  • Contact: Xiao WANG
  • About author:skybyyn@ciac.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21771173);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0203200)

摘要:

甲烷合成甲醇的方法包括间接法和直接催化氧化(DMTM)法,但是间接法对设备要求高,且甲烷转化率与甲醇选择性均不理想,DMTM法可通过一步反应高选择性制备甲醇,有巨大的应用潜力。对于甲烷DMTM法合成甲醇,均相催化体系通常需要特殊反应介质与贵金属催化剂相结合,虽然反应效率高,但对反应设备有腐蚀性,产物不易分离,应用前景差。液相-异相催化一般使用H2O2作为氧化剂,Au、Pd、Fe和Cu等金属元素作为催化剂主要活性组分,·OH是主要的氧化活性物,可在低温下实现甲烷的活化氧化。因此,异相催化体系是目前研究的主流。气相-异相催化主要使用O2和N2O为氧化剂,前者氧化性更强,后者对于产品选择性更好,此外,厌氧体系中H2O也可直接作为氧供体,常用Cu、Fe、Rh等元素作为催化剂。沸石分子筛是使用最广泛的载体,金属氧化物、金属有机骨架化合物(MOFs)和石墨烯也均有涉及,多金属协同催化已经取得了很好的效果。本文主要总结与概述了热催化甲烷直接催化氧化制备甲醇的近年相关研究,并对今后的研究方向做出了展望。

关键词: 均相催化, 异相催化, 气相-异相催化, 液相-异相催化, 甲烷氧化

Abstract:

The methods for synthesizing methanol from methane include indirect method and direct catalytic oxidation method, but the indirect method requires high equipment, and the methane conversion rate and methanol selectivity are not ideal. Direct catalytic oxidation method (DMTM) can produce methanol with high selectivity through a one-step reaction, and has huge application potential. For DMTM, the homogeneous catalytic system usually requires a special reaction medium combined with a precious metal catalyst. Although the reaction efficiency is high, it is corrosive to the reaction equipment, the product is not easy to separate, and the application prospect is poor. Liquid phase-heterogeneous catalysis generally uses H2O2 as the oxidant, Au, Pd, Fe, Cu and other metal elements as the main active component of the catalyst, and·OH is the main oxidation active substance, which can be used at low temperature to realize the activation and oxidation of methane. Therefore, heterogeneous catalytic systems are currently the mainstream of research. Gas phase-heterogeneous catalysis mainly uses O2 and N2O as oxidants. The former is more active, and the latter is more selective for products. In addition, H2O in anaerobic systems can also be directly used as oxygen donors, commonly Cu, Fe, Rh, etc. elements are used as catalysts. Zeolite molecular sieves are the most widely used support, and metal oxides, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and graphene are also involved. Multi-metal synergistic catalysis has achieved good results. This article mainly summarizes the research on the direct catalytic oxidation of thermally catalyzed methane to methanol in recent years, and prospects for future research directions.

Key words: Homogeneous catalysis, Heterogeneous catalysis, Gas phase-heterogeneous catalysis, Liquid phase-heterogeneous catalysis, CH4 oxidation

中图分类号: