核酸适配体荧光探针在生化分析和生物成像中的研究进展

doi:10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2018.01.170363

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

核酸适配体是指通过体外筛选技术从核酸文库中筛选出来,能够高特异性、高亲和力识别靶标物的寡核苷酸序列,具有靶标类型广泛、合成简单、相对分子质量小、化学稳定性高、易于进行生物化学修饰等优点。核酸适配体能够通过折叠成特定的二维或三维构型与靶标物特异性结合,加上合适的信号转导机制,为重要靶标物的研究提供理想的分子识别与分子检测探针。荧光检测技术具有高灵敏、高分辨率、易于实现多元分析等优点。将核酸适配体的分子识别特性与荧光优异的光学检测性能相结合,在生命科学研究领域有着广泛的应用空间。本文主要综述了核酸适配体荧光探针常见的分子设计和信号响应方式,及其在细胞成像、亚细胞成像中的应用研究,并对核酸适配体探针目前面临的一些挑战进行了讨论,最后对其未来的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 核酸适配体, 荧光探针, 生化分析, 生物成像

Abstract:

Aptamers are oligonucleotides selected through an in vitro method known as systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment(SELEX), which can recognize target with high specificity and high affinity. Aptamers have attracted wide attention because of their intrinsic advantages including simple synthesis, low molecular mass, high chemical stability, easy biochemical modification and so on. Aptamers can fold into specific two-dimensional or three-dimensional configurations and specifically bind with their targets. With appropriate signal transduction mechanism, aptamers can provide ideal molecular recognition and detection probes for biological research. Fluorescence is a type of detection technology that has several superiorities of high sensitivity, high resolution and easy multiplex detection. With the combination of the molecular recognition capability of aptamers and the outstanding detection performance of fluorescence technology, the aptamer-based fluorescence probes have been widely used in the study of life science. This review highlights the major progress of aptamer-based fluorescence probes in both bioanalysis and bioimaging area, and discusses the current limitations of aptamer probe for applications.

Key words: aptamer, fluorescence probe, bioanalysis, bioimaging

黄子珂, 刘超, 付强强, 李进, 邹建梅, 谢斯滔, 邱丽萍. 核酸适配体荧光探针在生化分析和生物成像中的研究进展[J]. 应用化学, 2018, 35(1): 28-39.

HUANG Zike, LIU Chao, FU Qiangqiang, LI Jin, ZOU Jianmei, XIE Sitao, QIU Liping. Aptamer-based Fluorescence Probe for Bioanalysis and Bioimaging[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2018, 35(1): 28-39.

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